This page contains multiple maps displaying homicides within Minneapolis from 1964 to 1966. These maps are used to inform the reader of the locations and variables associated with the homicides that took place within Minneapolis during this time period. Both ArcGIS and QGIS were both utilized in the creation of these maps.
Church to Homicide Comparison
1) The map to the left displays criminal homicides within Minneapolis from 1964-1966 as block dots. Churches within the city were geocoded using church addresses from 1965. The city is split up by communities and each community is aggregated as a shade of red correlating to the amount of churches within each community. It is believed that churches can be targets for murderers based on hate crimes toward a specific religion. From the map there isn’t a large correlation between homicides and churches however this map does give us an idea of church intensity and homicide locations.
Homicides per Community
2) The map to the left displays churches within Minneapolis from 1964-1966 as brown dots. Each community has been aggregated to display the amount of homicides that took place from 1964-1966. Areas of darker red indicate more homicides. This map doesn’t provide great evidence of any correlations between churches and homicides, however it gives us insight into these two variables from this time period.
Homicide Cluster Analysis
3) The map to the left displays criminal homicides within Minneapolis from 1964 to 1966 as black dots. The average location has been calculated to convey any patterns within the homicide point data. The standard distance has also been calculated to show the distance apart from each homicide relative to each other.
Homicide Hotspot Analysis
4) The map to the left displays criminal homicides within Minneapolis from 1964 to 1966 as green dots. A hotspot analysis was then performed using ArcGIS to learn of hotspot areas within the city. Hexagons that are pink to red are areas with a 90 to 99% confidence of being hotspots. Hexagons that are white are areas where the amount of homicides is not significant. One problem with the analysis portion of this map is the small amount of homicides. Hotspot analysis requires a larger amount of data which is why coldspots are not present within this map.
Spatial Point Pattern Analysis
5) The map to the left displays criminal homicides within Minneapolis from 1964 to 1966 as either black, blue or red; depending on which year the homicides took place. Average locations for each year’s homicides have been calculated to show how the cluster is moving. Standard distances for each year’s homicides have also been calculated to display how much the homicides are spread out each year. From the map, you can see that 1965 and 1966 were very similar, while 1964’s standard distance was much smaller, meaning much more clustering is present.
Homicide Heatmap
6) The map to the left displays criminal homicides within Minneapolis from 1964 to 1966 as green dots. Using QGIS, the heatmap tool was used to display areas of higher concentration with an orange to red color. The heatmap gives the reader an idea of how intense certain areas within the city can be.
Copyright 2018: All maps have been created by the Center for Homicide Research.
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